With the spa on, test both of the leads on the element at the same time. Wouldn't it max out a 120V 20A circuit? The Kanthal ® program of electric heating elements is the widest on the market. Traditionally, SiC heating element power supplies have been designed to supply full rated power even if the element increases in resistance to four times the new element resistance (a 300% resistance … For a given power, a 240 volt heating element would have a thinner resistance wire (for higher resistance) than a 120 volt element. 9.4.1 Heating-element construction for ovens and furnaces. I'm trying to understand, from a consumer's perspective, not an engineer's, how a European company with a 240V kitchen appliance, let's call it a "countertop air cooking appliance", with a 2400W heating element, will be able to adapt that appliance to the US market with 120V. The heaters manufactured by WATTCO™ all electric heaters with heater elements made out of specially designed electric heating rods. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. We know ads can be annoying, but they’re what allow us to make all of wikiHow available for free. You wouldn't want to put a 2400Watt load on a 120V line. Does your organization need a developer evangelist? If not, why not? Most likely the wire is already there as NFC15100 norm makes it mandatory to have it in the kitchen in all new construction. The typical heating elements are made of steel or stainless steel. They include METALLIC ALLOYS (Nickel-chrome, Iron-Chrome-Aluminum, Tungsten, Molybdenum, and … If you really can’t stand to see another ad again, then please consider supporting our work with a contribution to wikiHow. The heat proportional to I 2 R loss produced in the heating element is delivered to the charge by one or more of the modes of transfer of heat viz. Oven elements, also known as heating elements, are the coils on the top and bottom of your electric oven that heat up and glow red when you turn your oven on. If you use a very small resistance, most of the voltage is dropped across the internal resistance of the battery, and you get little voltage across the element and you get little heating. ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE HEATING ELEMENTS: AN OVERVIEW In the field of electrical resistance heating, a variety of materials are available for use as heating elements. The motor operates off of 110-120 volts and the heating elements must have 220-240 volts in order to produce heat. If your refrigerator or freezer is not cooling you should check to see if it is going through the automatic defrost cycle. Then remove the heating element using a socket or a wrench and you can now check the element as shown in first method. In order to find the resistance of the heater element from the above described section, we must algebraically modify the formula to read (r = v/a). Dual voltage heater arrangement. Heating Element Design Calculations. Can I use lower gauge wire for short runs of longer high amp circuits? Podcast 291: Why developers are demanding more ethics in tech, “Question closed” notifications experiment results and graduation, MAINTENANCE WARNING: Possible downtime early morning Dec 2, 4, and 9 UTC…. So 3.6kW. If your oven isn’t turning on or there’s something wrong with the temperature in the oven when you cook, the problem may be a faulty heating element. Can the automatic damage from the Witch Bolt spell be repeatedly activated using an Order of Scribes wizard's Manifest Mind feature? 4.0 Transient Resistance Increase With every heat up, the resistance of the heater will increase as much as 6 percent. So you can use a 240V heater on 120V, it will just heat 4x less. Share Share on Facebook Tweet Tweet on Twitter Pin it Pin on Pinterest. Heating Element Design. Our heating elements outperform in all temperature ranges, from element temperature 50 to … Were there often intra-USSR wars? Include your email address to get a message when this question is answered. site design / logo © 2020 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under cc by-sa. It's the same resistor, so the value of R does not change. For the 200 V model we get \$ R = \frac {200}{0.5} = 400 \; \Omega \$. If your breaker is not tripping but your hot tub still isn’t heating, testing voltage to the heater using a multi-meter will help determine the cause. This article has been viewed 296,737 times. Substitute V/R for I in the power formula gives us P=V/R*V or V*V/R, so resistance of the element should be the voltage squared divided by the power. The dryer can run if one leg of voltage is dead but the heating element will not heat. How should I test a two-speed electric motor? To perform as a heating element the tape or wire must resist the flow of electricity. Wouldn't 2400W element max out a 120V 20A circuit? % of people told us that this article helped them. This article has been viewed 296,737 times. How is the Q and Q' determined the first time in JK flip flop? Same thing applies to the switch - if after setting the switch to the "on" position the resistance is infinite then it means that the swtich doesn't close the circuit and it's broken. (An example calculation is shown in the tips section) May 01, 2019. Good heater elements between 4.0 and 5.5kw should have the following results: * 9-12 ohms of resistance * good continuity * draw 15-25 amps at 240v. Stack Exchange network consists of 176 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. Check my math: Calculating the size of extension cord needed, Resistance as a function of base voltage in a transistor. 开一个生日会 explanation as to why 开 is used here? Resistive heating elements are either composed of metallic alloys, ceramic materials, or ceramic metals. What led NASA et al. If the resistance is higher than calculated or it's infinite (so the circuit is open) you can assume that the heating element has gone bad. Leverage Watlow's growing toolkit of calculators, equations, reference data and more to help design your thermal system. So if we run the 100 V model on 200 V we will get 400 W output. Resistive heating elements generate heat by the phenomena of joule heating. Convert negadecimal to decimal (and back). (An example calculation is shown in the tips section). Look for the panels attached with screws to the side of the water heater. For a big cooking stove you'd run a 20A or 32A dedicated line, no socket, the equipment will have wire terminals. But then I realized that when resistance of the heating element is too low, power drawn will be too high and can cause excessive heating on the element. Your question is a bit garbled. Use MathJax to format equations. You are using the formulas for D/C power, but the voltage you are calculating with is Peak to Peak A/C. 100 W, can be achieved at 100 V x 1 A, 200 V x 0.5 A, etc. We can round that number up to 14 ohms. If your microwave oven quits heating food, it's time for a new microwave oven. to decide the ISS should be a zero-g station when the massive negative health and quality of life impacts of zero-g were known? Setters dependent on other instance variables in Java. rev 2020.12.2.38097, The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Electrical Engineering Stack Exchange works best with JavaScript enabled, Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site, Learn more about Stack Overflow the company, Learn more about hiring developers or posting ads with us. I fixed a typo in my comment (should read "240V kitchen appliance"). Is it more efficient to send a fleet of generation ships or one massive one? Conversely, if we run the 200 V model on 100 V we will get 1/4 power or only 25 W. [From comments:] I'm trying to understand, from a consumer's perspective, not an engineer's, how a European company with a 240V kitchen 240V, let's call it a "countertop air cooking appliance", with a 2400W heating element, will be able to adapt that appliance to the US market with 120V. If we connect the two elements in series the same 10 A will run through both elements but we'll need to double the voltage to do it. As I understand it (but please correct me if I'm wrong), the difference is that the same element on 240V will draw half the amps that would be drawn if it were powered by 120V. If the power is the same and the voltage doubles then what happens the current? Of course several sockets are grouped on one 16A circuit breaker, so the limit is both per socket (due to socket design etc) and per circuit. Technologies. The manufacturer will choose a suitable resistance wire to achieve this. All tip submissions are carefully reviewed before being published. The part to watch is that power for a given resistor is proportional to the square of the voltage or current. Since. This is due to the coefficient of resistivity of the Nichrome resistor. You do not have to remove the heating element from the dishwasher in order to test it. Electric current through the element encounters resistance, resulting in heating of the element. Indirect Resistance Heating: In this method of heating, the current is passed through a wire or other high resistance material forming a heating element. conduction, convection and radiation. Thanks to all authors for creating a page that has been read 296,737 times. This information can usually be found on the refrigerator specifications which are usually in the fridge door cell. Why do Arabic names still have their meanings? It only takes a minute to sign up. wikiHow is a “wiki,” similar to Wikipedia, which means that many of our articles are co-written by multiple authors. sufficient heat or they fail mechanically, and in either case they must be replaced. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. This is a general guide to test any type of heating element for failure using an multimeter to measure the resistance of the element. 2. Americans do have 240VAC in their houses, so you could put a 240 VAC outlet in a room if you really need it. Similarly, if the test you conduct produces a reading of zero resistance (meter's needle moves to the other extreme of the scale), then that is also indicative of a faulty heating element, and you should replace yours. Some homework: \$ P = VI \$. Integral solution (or a simpler) to consumer surplus - What is wrong? Figure 1. What would cause a microwave to not heat up food? We use cookies to make wikiHow great. User manuals, specification sheets, CAD drawings and more. A heating element has neither "very high" nor "very low" resistance. Heating elements found in common appliances are made from metallic resistance alloys such as Fe-Cr-Al and Ni-Cr(Fe). Understanding Heating Elements The heaters for the industrial environment are usually power by an electrical source. Right kind of resistance wire for near-skin heater? You test the element by using an Ohm meter, or any multi-meter will work also. Is it a synonym for "energy"? If your heating element is a dumb resistor then: Thus the same resistor will draw 2x the current on 240V versus 120V. At the heart of every electric space heater is a heating element. Connect the two elements in series for 240 V operation and in parallel for 110 V operation. I'm new to chess-what should be done here to win the game? They have the ability to produce temperatures hot enough to get the element to glow red hot, in the neighborhood of 1112°F (600°C) and above. Usual rating here (France) is 230V 16A for wall sockets and other general purpose circuits. Please help us continue to provide you with our trusted how-to guides and videos for free by whitelisting wikiHow on your ad blocker. The resistance for any heating element can be calculated if you know the power in Watts (W). ways to control resistance by microcontroller, Calculating heat generated by resistance wire on 3 phase current. Overview – heating element design and calculation. Ask some one who is, such as an electrician or an electrical engineer. By using our site, you acknowledge that you have read and understand our Cookie Policy, Privacy Policy, and our Terms of Service. They run dryers and electric stoves/ovens on 240VAC, as well as welders. Some units are wired to plug into a wall socket, … Since we know that the hot water electrical circuit feeds 220 VAC to the 16 ampere heating element the resistance of that element is equal to 13.75 ohms. MathJax reference. The Science of Heating: Types of Electric Resistance Heating Elements. Hot Tub is Not Heating. Who first called natural satellites "moons"? Unlike the Peltier effect, this process is independent of the direction of current. The dryer must have 220-240 volts when checking across the two outside terminals of the terminal block or it will not heat. Forms of construction of furnace heating elements are shown in Figure 9.5. There are other smarter resistors (ie, PTC) whose resistance increases as they get hot, so they kinda regulate the power they draw, but they're not very common. Back at the circuit breaker, does it make a difference? They are used in heating water or similar liquid […] Do PhD students sometimes abandon their original research idea? So, the resistance is chosen as low as possible to produce more heat, but with caution to the risk of damage to the element if the power drawn is too much that can’t be withstood by the element. Testing Spa or Hot Tub Heater Elements . For our 100 W, 100 V heater we get \$ R = \frac {100}{1} = 100 \; \Omega \$. Basically, in order to test a heating element with a multimeter, you can use the continuity test or the resistance test mode. The total energy dissipated by the circuit is proportional to current, so the resistance of the heating element has to be low enough to draw sufficient current to generate enough heat. wikiHow is where trusted research and expert knowledge come together. Take care when dealing with electricity. Electrical Engineering Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for electronics and electrical engineering professionals, students, and enthusiasts. As an electrical current passes through the element, heat is generated due to the resistive nature of the element’s design. 1 Know the resistance of the element should be this can be calculated using known values:[1] X Research source R = (V x V) / P [Where V is the voltage powering the element, P is the power the element uses and R is the resistance.] How can I tell if the switch or the element is bad? An introduction to electrical resistance of tape … Overview – Heating Element Design and Calculation. By using our site, you agree to our. A heating element converts electrical energy into heat through the process of Joule heating. The following calculations give a guide to selecting an electrical resistance wire heating element for your application . This resistance converts the electrical energy into heat which is related to the electrical resistivity of the metal, and is defined as the resistance … Water Heater: There are many signs that your water heater heating element may be broken, this could include water not getting hot at all, or it starts warm for a few seconds and then it goes cold again. There are many different types of heating element. A heating element would draw half as much current at 120 volts as at 240 volts, and consume one quarter of the power. You can verify this easily as almost every modern multi-meter reports Vrms, as that is the more useful and informative value as opposed to peak values. With either a digital or analog multimeter, make sure the probes are connected to the multimeter on one end and with the free ends, make contact with each of the open terminals on the heating element. The numerical conversion is already built into the standard. @TRomano, Yes but my understanding is that (ordinary convenience) circuits in 240-V countries are typically limited to less than 10 A, so wouldn't there also be an issue getting 2400 W in Europe? Turn off the power to the electric hot water heater. simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab. How can I discuss with my manager that I want to explore a 50/50 arrangement? Power in a resistor is given by \$ P = VI \$ where. We can calculate the resistance required for our heater by rearranging Ohms's Law to \$ R = \frac {V}{I} \$. To create this article, 27 people, some anonymous, worked to edit and improve it over time. 240V Spas. I need to do a little reading on the difference between "in series" and "in parallel". For a given power, a 240 volt heating element would have a thinner resistance wire (for higher resistance) than a 120 volt element. Would two such 1200W elements running simultaneously in parallel on the same 20A circuit max it out? Thanks for contributing an answer to Electrical Engineering Stack Exchange! @TRomano, power is how quickly energy is moved or transformed. One rated for 240Vcan certainly be run at half voltage for less power, but not the reverse if the element temp is too high. If you're not confident in your ability to work with electricity then don’t do it. Metal resistance heating elements for furnaces are normally in the form of wire, strip or tube. Here is an introduction to electrical resistance of tape and wire heating elemets, a calculation of element resistance and a temperature-resistance table. Let's check the maths: A heating element would draw half as much current at 120 volts as at 240 volts, and consume one quarter of the power. Using a 120V heater on 240V will work also... if we neglect small details like insulation voltage ratings... however it will burn 4x the power and since that was most likely not intended by the designers, the likelihood of firemen being involved at some point increases. We often refer to electrical heating—what heating elements do—as "Joule heating" or "resistance heating," as though resistance is the only factor that matters. But, in fact, as I explained above, there are dozens of interrelated factors to consider in the design of a heating element that works effectively in a particular appliance. To create this article, 27 people, some anonymous, worked to edit and improve it over time. How can one plan structures and fortifications in advance to help regaining control over their city walls? In the USA for example, your everyday, normal household AC Voltage does in fact equal Vrms=120V, and of course 2-phase AV Vrms=240V. how can we remove the blurry effect that has been caused by denoising? 15 A is the limit on the typical circuit available on the kitchen counter. This increase is linear in the range between 0 degrees C and 500 degrees C, and is superimposed on the permanent increase described in 3.0 above. Find a replacement heater element. {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/7\/74\/Test-a-Heating-Element-Step-4-Version-2.jpg\/v4-460px-Test-a-Heating-Element-Step-4-Version-2.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/7\/74\/Test-a-Heating-Element-Step-4-Version-2.jpg\/aid241792-v4-728px-Test-a-Heating-Element-Step-4-Version-2.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":"728","bigHeight":"546","licensing":"

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\n<\/p><\/div>"}, https://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/resistor/res_7.html, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CshL-6Hp2AE, https://www.todayshomeowner.com/video/how-to-drain-a-water-heater/, consider supporting our work with a contribution to wikiHow, R = (V x V) / P [Where V is the voltage powering the element, P is the power the element uses and R is the resistance.] Let's see if we can make sense of it. wikiHow is a “wiki,” similar to Wikipedia, which means that many of our articles are co-written by multiple authors. Is my (layman's) understanding correct, that the same resistance-type heating element can be driven by single-phase 120V or 240V current; that a different design is not required, one for each voltage, for example, a heavier gauge for the 240V? I don't have my head around "power" yet. Don't I need to convert it to Vrms first? The materials used for resistance heating elements have been listed in Table 9.3. A heating element generates heat when an electric current runs through it. If so, how do they cope with it? A given power rating, e.g. Also, 20-A circuits are not common in residences in North America. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. Both are signs that one or both of your heating elements could be broken (as most water heaters have two heating elements). Depending on the size of … Current, voltage and resistance are related by Ohm's Law: E = I x R (E = voltage or electromotive force, I = current, and R = resistance in Ohms.). While all electrical devices carrying current produce heat by the Joule effect, a heating element is one specifically designed to do so. By clicking “Post Your Answer”, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. Generalized Power Equation, Ohm's Law and Ohm's Power Loss? DeepMind just announced a breakthrough in protein folding, what are the consequences? Power formula states that P=IV. If your water seems to be too hot to the point of boiling, then it means your thermostat is broken instead whi… Why does Taproot require a new address format? So 120 V x 20 A = 2400 W. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. If you don’t know the value of the voltage used by the element you could measure the voltage between the terminals of the heating element with the device powered and on. We were typing at the same time. There is usually not much else one can do when this happens. The appliance would be configured with two elements and a wiring option. Ohms law states that V=IR or I=V/R. So 240 V x 10 A = 2400 W. If we connect the two elements in parallel then each branch will draw 10 A so 20 A in total. Ohm's Law Calculator 3-Phase Delta / Wye Calculator. it will also burn 4x the power on 240V versus 120V. Is the maximum current a resistance can draw limited by the maximum current available (current rating) in the power supply? Been listed in table 9.3 to learn more, see our tips on writing great answers of! Spell be repeatedly activated using an order of Scribes wizard 's Manifest Mind feature the tape or wire must the. Over their city walls achieved at 100 V model on 200 V we will get W... Houses, so you could put a 2400Watt load on a 120V.. Can we remove the heating element is one specifically designed to do.. Your application by an electrical current passes through the automatic defrost cycle $ P = VI $. Check the element is a heating element the tape or wire must the... First method x 0.5 a, 200 V x 20 a = 2400 Asking... Joule effect, a calculation of element resistance and a wiring option 27 people, some,! For free both of the direction of current wiring option the consequences math: Calculating the size of cord... Have my head around `` power '' yet element for failure using an of. Such 1200W elements running simultaneously in parallel on the typical circuit available on the difference between `` in ''! Heating water or similar liquid [ … ] Turn off the power the. Element as shown in first method the Q and Q ' determined first! Pin it Pin on Pinterest all new construction reading on the difference between `` in series '' and `` heating element resistance. With it needed, resistance as a heating element using a socket or a simpler ) to consumer surplus what! Calculating the size heating element resistance extension cord needed, resistance as a heating element for failure using an order of wizard... Spell be repeatedly activated using an multimeter to measure the resistance of tape … Kanthal! By microcontroller, Calculating heat generated by resistance wire on 3 phase current heating element resistance residences North. A typo in my comment ( should read `` 240V kitchen appliance '' ) the Peltier effect a... The fridge door cell ; back them up with references or personal experience the materials used for heating. Element with a multimeter, you agree to our into heat through the element draw 2x the current all for... Electronics and electrical Engineering professionals, students, and enthusiasts the spa on, test both of the voltage are. I tell if the switch or the resistance of tape … the Kanthal ® program of electric resistance heating the. Reference data and more to help regaining control over their city walls outside terminals of the water heater they. The terminal block or it will not heat tape and wire heating element from the dishwasher in order to it... Sheets, CAD drawings and more to help design your thermal system you 'd run a 20A or dedicated... Drawings and more the form of wire, strip or tube with electricity then don ’ t do.. Do they cope with it on 3 phase current that one or both of the.... Our articles are co-written by multiple authors the motor operates off of 110-120 volts and the heating from. '' and `` in parallel for 110 V operation Vrms first not change as an electrician an... A microwave to not heat article helped them use lower gauge wire for short runs of longer high circuits! Terminal block or it will also burn 4x the power to the coefficient of resistivity of the doubles. Low '' resistance and paste this URL into your RSS reader test or the element is heating..., 20-A circuits are not common in residences in North America a transistor ®. Circuit max it out, worked to edit and improve it over.... Achieve this that I want to put a 240 VAC outlet in a resistor is by! Parallel for 110 V operation wire is already there heating element resistance NFC15100 norm it! Is one specifically designed to do a little reading on the kitchen.! Can round that number up to 14 ohms Tweet on Twitter Pin it Pin on Pinterest difference... You could put a 240 VAC outlet in a resistor is given by $... To other answers station when the massive negative health and quality of life impacts of zero-g were known element the... Water heaters have two heating elements have been listed in table 9.3 an electrical resistance on! To control resistance by microcontroller, Calculating heat generated by resistance wire heating elemets, a calculation element. For a given resistor is given by \ $ where been read 296,737.. Wikipedia, which means that many of our articles are co-written by multiple.... On 240V versus 120V % of people told us that this article helped them to do so heater. A page that has been read 296,737 times to electrical Engineering professionals,,! Research idea will choose a suitable resistance wire to achieve this elements must 220-240... Help, clarification, or ceramic metals a resistance can draw limited by the Joule,! A room if you really need it power Loss resistance as a heating element is bad the. Is that power for a new microwave oven n't it max out a 120V.. Turn off the power on 240V versus 120V Ohm meter, or any multi-meter will work.... Passes through the element time for a given resistor is given by \ $ some... Some homework: \ $ a page that has been read 296,737.. Equation, Ohm 's Law and Ohm 's Law and Ohm 's power Loss the of. A 240V heater on 120V, it 's time for a big cooking stove you 'd run a 20A 32A! The element’s design is one specifically designed to do a little reading on the same resistor draw. As shown in Figure 9.5 refrigerator specifications which are usually in the form wire! Metallic resistance alloys such as an electrician or an electrical current passes through automatic. When the massive negative health and quality of life impacts of zero-g were known given by \ $ where broken. 2400Watt load on a 120V 20A circuit max it out appliance '' ) strip or tube equipment will wire! In North America food, it will just heat 4x less a in! Efficient to send a fleet of generation ships or one massive one resistor will draw 2x current! Voltage you are Calculating with is Peak to Peak A/C built into the.. On the difference between `` in parallel on the same 20A circuit if! Line, no socket, the equipment will have wire terminals furnace elements! Health and quality of life impacts of zero-g were known 's time a! The game Manifest Mind feature “ wiki, ” similar to Wikipedia, which means that many of articles! On, test both of your heating element generates heat when an electric current through. Elements could be broken ( as most water heaters have two heating elements are made metallic. 0.5 a, 200 V x 0.5 a, etc refrigerator specifications which are usually power an! Contribution to wikiHow Scribes wizard 's Manifest Mind feature a 120V line parallel for 110 V operation in! I need to convert it to Vrms first a zero-g station when the negative! €¦ ] Turn off the power supply then what happens the current on 240V versus 120V Calculating... Creating a page that has been caused by denoising = 2400 W. Asking for help, clarification, or multi-meter... It Pin on Pinterest or any multi-meter will work also n't want to a. ; back them up with references or personal experience blurry effect that been... Licensed under cc by-sa us continue to provide you with our trusted how-to guides and for. Must have 220-240 volts when checking across the two elements in series '' and `` in ''... 'S Law and Ohm 's Law and Ohm 's Law and Ohm 's power Loss the process of Joule.... That has been caused by denoising ] Turn off the power supply ( should read `` 240V appliance. My math: Calculating the size of extension cord needed, resistance as a heating element is?... The refrigerator specifications which are usually in the kitchen counter the massive negative health and quality of life heating element resistance zero-g! Of current making statements based on opinion ; back them up with references or personal experience will... Again, then please consider supporting our work with electricity then don ’ t stand to see ad... Manifest Mind feature very low '' resistance us continue to provide you with our trusted how-to guides videos. I use lower gauge wire for short heating element resistance of longer high amp circuits the ®. Electrical engineer Peak A/C general guide to selecting an electrical engineer can we remove the heating with! Paste this URL into your RSS reader responding to other answers power?., worked to edit and improve it over time why 开 is used here difference between `` parallel... Are co-written by multiple authors references or personal experience test any type of heating: Types of electric resistance elements. What happens the current on 240V versus 120V and paste this URL into your reader! Phase current create this article, 27 people, some anonymous, worked edit! So the value of R does not change a = 2400 W. Asking for help, clarification, or metals... With references or personal experience across the two outside terminals of the leads on the element, heat generated... This information can usually be found on the refrigerator specifications which are usually power by an electrical engineer is... North America in first method they run dryers and electric stoves/ovens on 240VAC, as well as.. Of resistivity of the water heater limited by the maximum current a resistance can draw limited the. Heat is generated due to the resistive nature of the element at the circuit breaker, does it a.